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        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">atonex</span>
        </h2>
        <p>atonex — 
      Emulates a stack of filters using the atone opcode.
          </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90227632"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>atonex</em></span> is equivalent to a filter consisting of more layers of <a class="link" href="atone.html" title="atone"><em class="citetitle">atone</em></a> with the same arguments, serially connected. Using a stack of a larger number of filters allows a sharper cutoff. They are faster than using a larger number instances in a Csound orchestra of the old opcodes, because only one initialization and k- cycle are needed at time and the audio loop falls entirely inside the cache memory of processor.
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90230576"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>atonex</strong></span> asig, khp [, inumlayer] [, iskip]</pre>
        <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>atonex</strong></span> asig, ahp [, inumlayer] [, iskip]</pre>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90234224"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>inumlayer</em></span> (optional) -- number of elements in the filter stack. Default value is 4.
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0.
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90237056"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- input signal
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>khp</em></span>/<span class="emphasis"><em>ahp</em></span> -- the response curve's half-power point. Half power is defined as peak power / root 2.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90240000"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the atonex opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/atonex.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">atonex.csd</em></a>.

      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp90241856"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 58. Example of the atonex opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac     <span class="comment">;;;RT audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o atonex.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span> <span class="op">=</span> 1

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1	<span class="comment">; unfiltered noise</span>

asig	<span class="opc">rand</span>	0.7	<span class="comment">; white noise</span>
	<span class="opc">outs</span>	asig, asig

<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2	<span class="comment">; filtered noise</span>

asig	<span class="opc">rand</span>	0.7
khp	<span class="opc">line</span>	100, p3, 3000
afilt	<span class="opc">atonex</span>	asig, khp, 32

<span class="comment">; Clip the filtered signal's amplitude to 85 dB.</span>
a1	<span class="opc">clip</span> afilt, 2, <span class="opc">ampdb</span>(85)
	<span class="opc">outs</span> a1, a1
<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>

<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 2 2

<span class="stamnt">e</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
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        <p><br class="example-break" />
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90243776"></a>
        <h2>See Also</h2>
        <p>
      <a class="link" href="resonx.html" title="resonx"><em class="citetitle">resonx</em></a>,
      <a class="link" href="tonex.html" title="tonex"><em class="citetitle">tonex</em></a>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp90246784"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>
      </p>
        <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
          <tr>
            <td>Author: Gabriel Maldonado (adapted by John ffitch)</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Italy</td>
          </tr>
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        <p>
    </p>
        <p>New in Csound version 3.49</p>
        <p>Audio rate parameters introduced in version 6.02</p>
        <p>October 2013.</p>
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